题目描述
Given a rooted tree, define the value of vertex $u$ in the tree recursively as the MEX$^\dagger$ of the values of its children. Note that it is only the children, not all of its descendants. In particular, the value of a leaf is $0$.
Pak Chanek has a rooted tree that initially only contains a single vertex with index $1$, which is the root. Pak Chanek is going to do $q$ queries. In the $i$-th query, Pak Chanek is given an integer $x_i$. Pak Chanek needs to add a new vertex with index $i+1$ as the child of vertex $x_i$. After adding the new vertex, Pak Chanek needs to recalculate the values of all vertices and report the sum of the values of all vertices in the current tree.
$^\dagger$ The MEX (minimum excluded) of an array is the smallest non-negative integer that does not belong to the array. For example, the MEX of $[0,1,1,2,6,7]$ is $3$ and the MEX of $[6,9]$ is $0$.
Input
The first line contains a single integer $q$ ($1 \le q \le 3 \cdot 10^5$) — the number of operations.
Each of the next $q$ lines contains a single integer $x_i$ ($1 \leq x_i \leq i$) — the description of the $i$-th query.
Output
For each query, print a line containing an integer representing the sum of the new values of all vertices in the tree after adding the vertex.
输入格式
见题面 Input 部分
输出格式
见题面 Output 部分
样例输入
样例输出
提示
In the first example, the tree after the $6$-th query will look like this.
- Vertex $7$ is a leaf, so its value is $0$.
- Vertex $6$ is a leaf, so its value is $0$.
- Vertex $5$ only has a child with value $0$, so its value is $1$.
- Vertex $4$ is a leaf, so its value is $0$.
- Vertex $3$ only has a child with value $0$, so its value is $1$.
- Vertex $2$ has children with values $0$ and $1$, so its value is $2$.
- Vertex $1$ has children with values $1$ and $2$, so its value is $0$.
The sum of the values of all vertices is $0+0+1+0+1+2+0=4$.