题目描述
Background
Little L loves trees, the lowest common ancestor (LCA), and ordered tuples, which inspired this problem.
Problem Description
For a rooted tree with \( n \) nodes (rooted at 1), an ordered \( p \)-tuple \((a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_p)\) is defined as a \( k \)-level LCA \( p \)-tuple if and only if:
- \( 1 \le a_1 < a_2 < \ldots < a_p \le n \)
- There exists an \( x \) such that for any strictly increasing ordered \( k \)-tuple \( b \subseteq a \), \( \text{LCA}_{i=1}^{k}\{b_i\} = x \).
Note that \( \text{LCA}(x, y) \) refers to the lowest common ancestor of nodes \( x \) and \( y \) in the tree, and \( \text{LCA}_{i=1}^{k}\{b_i\} \) refers to the LCA of all \( b_i \).
Calculate the number of \( k \)-level LCA \( p \)-tuples, modulo \( 10^9 + 7 \).
Input Format
The first line contains three integers \( n, p, k \).
The next \( n-1 \) lines each contain two integers representing the endpoints of an edge.
Output Format
Output a single integer representing the answer.
Sample Input and Output
Sample Input #1
6 4 3
1 2
2 3
3 4
3 5
3 6
Sample Output #1
1
Sample Input #2
6 3 2
1 2
1 3
1 4
1 5
1 6
Sample Output #2
20
Sample Input #3
6 4 2
1 2
1 3
2 4
2 5
3 6
Sample Output #3
0
Notes
Sample Explanation
For Sample 1, the only valid 4-tuple is \( (3, 4, 5, 6) \).
Data Range
For \( 100\% \) of the data, \( 2 \le n \le 5000 \), \( 2 \le k \le p \le n \).
Hint: This problem has subtasks.
There are 5 subtasks in total.
| Subtask Number | \( n \le \) | Special Conditions | Score |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 10 | None | 10 |
| 2 | 20 | None | 20 |
| 3 | 500 | None | 30 |
| 4 | 5000 | Node 1 is connected to all other nodes | 10 |
| 5 | 5000 | None | 30 |
Problem Source
| Item | Personnel |
|---|---|
| idea | Kevin0501 |
| std | Kevin0501 |
| data | EstasTonne |
| check | EstasTonne |
| solution | Kevin0501 |
输入格式
见题面 Input 部分
输出格式
见题面 Output 部分