P25257 [AtCoder] Catastrophic Roulette
提高-
题目描述

Problem Statement

There is a roulette that produces an integer from $1,2,\dots,N$ with equal probability.
Two players use it to play the following game:

  • The players take turns spinning the roulette.
  • If the produced integer has not appeared before, nothing happens.
  • Otherwise, the player who spun the roulette pays a fine of 1 yen.

  • The game immediately ends when all of the N integers have appeared at least once.

For each of the first and second players, find the expected value of the amount of the fine paid before the game ends, modulo 998244353.

On expected values modulo 998244353
It can be proved that the expected values sought in this problem are always rational numbers.
Furthermore, under the constraints of this problem, when the expected values are expressed as irreducible fractions $\frac{y}{x}$, it is guaranteed that x is not divisible by 998244353.
Now, there is a unique integer z between 0 and 998244352, inclusive, such that xz $\equiv y \pmod{998244353}.$ Provide this z as the answer.

Input

The input is given from Standard Input in the following format:
N

Output

Print two integers as the answer.
The first is the expected value of the amount of the fine paid by the first player, and the second is the expected value of the amount of the fine paid by the second player, represented as integers modulo 998244353.

Constraints

  • N is an integer such that $1 \le N \le 10^6$.

Sample Input 1

1

Sample Output 1

0 0

In this input, N=1.
When the first player spins the roulette, it always produces 1, ending the game immediately.
Thus, the expected values of the amounts of the fines paid by the first and second players are both 0.

Sample Input 2

2

Sample Output 2

332748118 665496236

In this input, N=2. Here is a possible progression of the game:

  • The first player spins the roulette, and it produces 2. Nothing happens.
  • The second player spins the roulette, and it produces 2. The second player pays a fine of 1 yen.
  • The first player spins the roulette, and it produces 2. The first player pays a fine of 1 yen.
  • The second player spins the roulette, and it produces 1. Nothing happens.
  • At this point, both 1 and 2 have appeared at least once, so the game immediately ends.
  • In this progression, the amount of the fine paid by the first player is 1 yen, and the amount of the fine paid by the second player is also 1 yen.

It can be shown that the expected value of the amount of the fine paid by the first player is $\frac{1}{3}$ yen, and the expected value of the amount of the fine paid by the second player is $\frac{2}{3}$ yen.

Sample Input 3

3

Sample Output 3

174692763 324429416

输入格式

见题面 Input 部分

输出格式

见题面 Output 部分

样例输入
1
样例输出
0 0