题目描述
Problem Statement
For a sequence A of length N consisting of integers between 1 and M (inclusive), let us define f(A) as follows:
- We have a sequence X of length N, where every element is initially 0. f(A) is the minimum number of operations required to make X equal A by repeating the following operation:
- Specify $1 \leq l \leq r \leq N$ and $1 \leq v \leq M$, then replace X_i with $\max(X_i, v)$ for each $l \leq i \leq r$.
Find the sum, modulo 998244353, of f(A) over all M^N sequences that can be A.
Input
Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:
N M
Output
Print the sum of f(A) over all sequences A, modulo 998244353.
Constraints
- $1 \leq N, M \leq 5000$
- All values in input are integers.
Sample Input 1
2 3
Sample Output 1
15
The 3 ^ 2 = 9 sequences and the value of f for those are as follows:
- For A = (1, 1), we can make X equal it with one operation with (l = 1, r = 2, v = 1), so f(A) = 1.
- For A = (1, 2), we can make X equal it with two operations with (l = 1, r = 2, v = 1) and (l = 2, r = 2, v = 2), so f(A) = 2.
- For A = (1, 3), we can make X equal it with two operations with (l = 1, r = 2, v = 1) and (l = 2, r = 2, v = 3), so f(A) = 2.
- For A = (2, 1), we can make X equal it with two operations with (l = 1, r = 2, v = 1) and (l = 1, r = 1, v = 2), so f(A) = 2.
- For A = (2, 2), we can make X equal it with one operation with (l = 1, r = 2, v = 2), so f(A) = 1.
- For A = (2, 3), we can make X equal it with two operations with (l = 1, r = 2, v = 2) , (l = 2, r = 2, v = 3), so f(A) = 2.
- For A = (3, 1), we can make X equal it with two operations with (l = 1, r = 2, v = 1) and (l = 1, r = 1, v = 3) so f(A) = 2.
- For A = (3, 2), we can make X equal it with two operations with (l = 1, r = 2, v = 2) and (l = 1, r = 1, v = 3), so f(A) = 2.
- For A = (3, 3), we can make X equal it with one operation with (l = 1, r = 2, v = 3), so f(A) = 1.
The sum of these values is $3 \times 1 + 6 \times 2 = 15$.
Sample Input 2
3 2
Sample Output 2
15
Sample Input 3
34 56
Sample Output 3
649717324
输入格式
见题面 Input 部分
输出格式
见题面 Output 部分
样例输入
2 3
样例输出
15