P24329 [AtCoder] Dye Color
NOI
题目描述

Problem Statement

There are N balls numbered 1 through N. Initially, Ball i is painted in Color A_i.
Colors are represented by integers between 1 and N, inclusive.
Consider repeating the following operation until all the colors of the balls become the same.

  • There are 2^N subsets (including the empty set) of the set consisting of the N balls; choose one of the subsets uniformly at random. Let X_1,X_2,...,X_K be the indices of the chosen balls. Next, choose a permutation obtained by choosing K integers out of integers $(1,2,\dots,N)$ uniformly at random. Let $P=(P_1,P_2,\dots,P_K)$ be the chosen permutation. For each integer i such that $1 \le i \le K,$ change the color of Ball X_i to P_i.

Find the expected value of number of operations, modulo 998244353.
Here a permutation obtained by choosing K integers out of integers $(1,2,\dots,N)$
is a sequence of K integers between 1 and N, inclusive, whose elements are pairwise distinct.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:
N
$A_1 A_2 \dots A_N$

Output

Print the answer.

Constraints

  • $2 \le N \le 2000$
  • $1 \le A_i \le N$
  • All values in input are integers.

Sample Input 1

2
1 2

Sample Output 1

4

The operation is repeated until a subset of size 1 is chosen and the color of the ball is changed to the color of the ball not contained in the subset. The probability is $\displaystyle \frac{2}{4} \times \frac{1}{2}=\frac{1}{4}$, so the expected value is 4.

Sample Input 2

3
1 1 1

Sample Output 2

0

The operation is never performed, since the colors of the balls are already the same.

Sample Input 3

10
3 1 4 1 5 9 2 6 5 3

Sample Output 3

900221128

输入格式

见题面 Input 部分

输出格式

见题面 Output 部分

样例输入
2 1 2
样例输出
4