题目描述
Problem Statement
There are N balls numbered 1 through N. Initially, Ball i is painted in Color A_i.
Colors are represented by integers between 1 and N, inclusive.
Consider repeating the following operation until all the colors of the balls become the same.
- There are 2^N subsets (including the empty set) of the set consisting of the N balls; choose one of the subsets uniformly at random. Let X_1,X_2,...,X_K be the indices of the chosen balls. Next, choose a permutation obtained by choosing K integers out of integers $(1,2,\dots,N)$ uniformly at random. Let $P=(P_1,P_2,\dots,P_K)$ be the chosen permutation. For each integer i such that $1 \le i \le K,$ change the color of Ball X_i to P_i.
Find the expected value of number of operations, modulo 998244353.
Here a permutation obtained by choosing K integers out of integers $(1,2,\dots,N)$
is a sequence of K integers between 1 and N, inclusive, whose elements are pairwise distinct.
Input
Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:
N
$A_1 A_2 \dots A_N$
Output
Print the answer.
Constraints
- $2 \le N \le 2000$
- $1 \le A_i \le N$
- All values in input are integers.
Sample Input 1
2
1 2
Sample Output 1
4
The operation is repeated until a subset of size 1 is chosen and the color of the ball is changed to the color of the ball not contained in the subset. The probability is $\displaystyle \frac{2}{4} \times \frac{1}{2}=\frac{1}{4}$, so the expected value is 4.
Sample Input 2
3
1 1 1
Sample Output 2
0
The operation is never performed, since the colors of the balls are already the same.
Sample Input 3
10
3 1 4 1 5 9 2 6 5 3
Sample Output 3
900221128
输入格式
见题面 Input 部分
输出格式
见题面 Output 部分